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Materials going into the built environment are currently dominated by non-renewable carbon-intensive minerals, such as concrete, asphalt, bricks, sand and gravel. As urbanisation increases, demand for these materials increases and related negative environmental impact follows. \n\nSubstituting conventional materials with renewable bio-based materials can successfully cut demand for virgin materials—thereby decreasing the overall environmental impact of the built environment. Bio-based materials have far lower embodied carbon and can even act as carbon sinks, sequestering emissions from the atmosphere. They can replace hazardous materials like asbestos and improve the health and well-being of communities. Examples of these materials include: wood, bamboo, hemp, crop residues, as well as more sustainable forms of concrete (seaweed-crete, timber-crete, etc.). \n\nLocal governments can promote the adoption of bio-based construction materials, for instance, by drawing up new tender criteria where bio-based products are part of new development projects, or by funding research and then regulating new cutting-edge materials that can substitute conventional construction materials.\n","properties":{"cost":"medium","emissions":"high"},"framework":135,"article":null,"parent":510,"created_at":"2021-10-29T14:56:38.853Z","updated_at":"2022-05-19T08:37:10.446Z","order":null,"icon_alt":"Photo by Josh Olalde on Unsplash","summary":null,"icon":{"id":3515,"name":"josh-olalde-X1P1_EDNnok-unsplash.jpg","hash":"josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397","sha256":null,"ext":".jpg","mime":"image/jpeg","size":945.86,"url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397.jpg","provider":"aws-s3","provider_metadata":null,"created_at":"2021-10-29T14:56:28.158Z","updated_at":"2021-10-29T14:56:28.202Z","alternativeText":"","caption":"","width":3649,"height":2433,"formats":{"large":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/large_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397.jpg","hash":"large_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"large_josh-olalde-X1P1_EDNnok-unsplash.jpg","path":null,"size":79.6,"width":1000,"height":667},"small":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/small_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397.jpg","hash":"small_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"small_josh-olalde-X1P1_EDNnok-unsplash.jpg","path":null,"size":26.4,"width":500,"height":333},"medium":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/medium_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397.jpg","hash":"medium_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"medium_josh-olalde-X1P1_EDNnok-unsplash.jpg","path":null,"size":49.27,"width":750,"height":500},"thumbnail":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/thumbnail_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397.jpg","hash":"thumbnail_josh_olalde_X1_P1_ED_Nnok_unsplash_4d7baee397","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"thumbnail_josh-olalde-X1P1_EDNnok-unsplash.jpg","path":null,"size":8.41,"width":234,"height":156}},"previewUrl":null}},{"id":670,"name":"👕📱 Packaging and goods made from bio-based materials","description":"As a result of its cheapness, durability, and range of uses, plastics have become ubiquitous with contemporary life. However, these same characteristics are contributing to a global challenge of plastic pollution, in large part driven by an influx of single-use plastic products, most notably used for packaging and bags. Much of this plastic packaging and bags, which can take hundreds of years to decompose, are not disposed of correctly and pollute and degrade ecosystems. \n\nWhere packaging is absolutely necessary, alternatives can be made from bio-based materials that are sourced from renewable sources that can readily decompose. There are a range of types of biobased materials, from mycelium, starch, and even discarded fruit, which can be used as alternatives to conventional fossil-fuel derived plastics.\n\nLocal governments can support use of such packaging and goods made from alternative bio-based materials by banning or creating a bio-based plastic content mandate on single-use plastic packaging. Governments can simultaneously support the uptake of alternatives through incentive schemes such as subsidising their production as well as encouraging further research, innovation and development through incubator schemes or eco-design competitions. A good first step in creating the demand for such products is by integrating such criteria within the local public procurement strategy to supply, for example, municipal canteens.\n\nIt is important to note that, if local governments plan to support the uptake of this packaging type, they must also educate residents about the correct way to dispose of biobased plastics based on their waste management plan. Bioplastics often cannot be disposed of with normal plastics as they would contaminate their recycling. 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To reduce the negative impact of their energy consumption, cities need to shift away from fossil fuels and move towards renewable energy sources. Such a shift will help cities work towards their climate change mitigation and adaptation action plans. Renewable energy technologies such as wind, water, solar, and geothermal can also help improve access to energy in vulnerable and marginalised neighbourhoods through, for example, decentralised, off-grid solutions.\n\nRenewable energy technologies can harvest the energy in nature’s processes, such as wind, and solar radiation and geothermal heat, that can be replenished within a human lifespan. In contrast, fossil fuels are materials that are not replenished within a human lifespan and are combusted for energy, losing the fuel material and resulting in emissions. \n\nLocal governments can develop sustainable energy plans, considering different energy resources and requirements, to develop a robust strategy for the development of renewable energy technologies and infrastructure throughout the city. They can also institute specific legislation and tax systems to regulate energy production and consumption, incentivise research and development of cleaner, more efficient technologies. Via Power Purchase Agreements cities can buy renewable energy from green energy providers and fix the price in order to provide security to financial institutions to finance renewable energy infrastructure. Furthermore, increasing awareness and facilitating capacity-building on planning urban sustainable energy projects can help the uptake of clean energy across the city by different stakeholders—from citizens to businesses and institutions. Facilitating collaboration, then, will be crucial, since private companies operate most of the world’s energy systems.\n","properties":{"cost":"high","emissions":"high"},"framework":135,"article":null,"parent":510,"created_at":"2021-12-02T10:57:20.195Z","updated_at":"2022-02-21T15:24:05.322Z","order":null,"icon_alt":"Photo by Gonz DDL on Unsplash","summary":null,"icon":{"id":4406,"name":"gonz-ddl-a1Lm99Kkqtg-unsplash (1).jpg","hash":"gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f","sha256":null,"ext":".jpg","mime":"image/jpeg","size":1525.85,"url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f.jpg","provider":"aws-s3","provider_metadata":null,"created_at":"2021-12-02T10:56:00.479Z","updated_at":"2021-12-02T10:56:00.501Z","alternativeText":"","caption":"","width":2730,"height":3640,"formats":{"large":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/large_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f.jpg","hash":"large_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"large_gonz-ddl-a1Lm99Kkqtg-unsplash (1).jpg","path":null,"size":86.1,"width":750,"height":1000},"small":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/small_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f.jpg","hash":"small_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"small_gonz-ddl-a1Lm99Kkqtg-unsplash (1).jpg","path":null,"size":24.05,"width":375,"height":500},"medium":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/medium_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f.jpg","hash":"medium_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"medium_gonz-ddl-a1Lm99Kkqtg-unsplash (1).jpg","path":null,"size":49.14,"width":563,"height":750},"thumbnail":{"ext":".jpg","url":"https://goldilocks-images.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/thumbnail_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f.jpg","hash":"thumbnail_gonz_ddl_a1_Lm99_Kkqtg_unsplash_1_71532e589f","mime":"image/jpeg","name":"thumbnail_gonz-ddl-a1Lm99Kkqtg-unsplash (1).jpg","path":null,"size":3.87,"width":117,"height":156}},"previewUrl":null}},{"id":931,"name":"🚌 Low-carbon energy input for mobility","description":"The mobility system is a major consumer of fossil fuels. 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Electrification must be coupled with a decarbonisation electricity system, moving away from power generation from fossil fuels, in order to gain the potential carbon emission reduction benefits. Low-carbon fuels (LCF) such as biodiesel, bioethanol, green hydrogen and renewable compressed natural gas (R-CNG), for instance, can also help to lower carbon emissions from transportation.\n\nLocal governments can stimulate the use of low-carbon energy throughout the urban mobility system by improving the availability of electric charging infrastructure to help ensure that it can be financially attractive compared to that of fossil fuels. Additionally, cities can transition their own mobility fleet towards electric vehicles or to be powered with low-carbon fuels. 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Alongside this, asset management can be used to create a short-term and long-term strategy of investing in new equipment, refurbishing existing equipment and developing maintenance programmes to ensure infrastructure is as efficient as possible, and leaks are minimised. Such management programmes create financial transparency amongst all stakeholders and provide useful long-term planning for larger infrastructure changes (US EPA)","properties":null,"framework":168,"article":null,"parent":null,"created_at":"2021-11-15T08:54:05.488Z","updated_at":"2024-01-24T15:09:19.984Z","order":null,"icon_alt":null,"summary":null,"icon":null}],"solutionProviders":[],"substrategy_questions":[]}},"__N_SSG":true}